Mount St. Helens

Proposed National ParkWashington
The open crater of Mount St. Helens above the blast zone, with a stream running through the valley below
All proposed National ParksMount St. HelensNo active campaign
Location
Washington
Current protection
Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, Gifford Pinchot National Forest
Status
No active campaign
Tier
Tier 1 · National Park
Undiscovered America
Featured in the film and the book

Why should it be a National Park?

Following the volcanic eruption of 1980, this unassuming Washington peak became America's most famous mountain. Mount St. Helens was once the lesser sibling of Mount Rainier and Mount Hood, which serve as the backdrops for Seattle and Portland. Unlike them, St. Helens was isolated from major population centers and surrounded by rural communities. It was also less noticeable on the horizon because of its distance from major roadways and the thick forests that surround it. Therefore, it was just another massive point on the Cascade Range.

For years people have called for better protection for volcanic remnants of the mountain and highlighting the devastated areas around the former summit. Some of these calls were made before the volcano erupted, with more following post-event. Mount St. Helens was just a part of the Gifford Pinchot National Forest prior to becoming infamous, but in 1982 President Ronald Reagan created Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument to better honor this natural wonder and our national heritage. Advocates for a National Park designation have made the argument that the volcano is likely the most iconic American landscape currently not in the National Park System, and by creating a park the local economy would prosper and bring in tourists. Travelers are much more likely to turn off the highway for a National Park than a national monument.

The history of National Park Campaigns

Environmental groups asked President Carter for a National Park almost immediately after the May 18, 1980 eruption; Congress instead created a Forest Service-managed National Volcanic Monument in 1982 after the Forest Service persuaded the Reagan administration it could do the job. Budget collapse and a visitor-center closure in 2007 triggered the Washington delegation's 2007–2010 inquiry into a transfer to the Park Service, backed by an NPCA economic study; a local task force sided with the Forest Service in 2010, and the idea recurs in op-eds (2022).

Distinct National Park attempts
2 (1980 park push; 2007–10 transfer effort)
Other designation attempts
monument 1982

Sources

  • P.L. 97-243 and House/Senate reports (1982)
  • NPS, "National Monuments and the Forest Service"
  • NPCA, Mount St. Helens economic report (2008)
  • Baird task force report (2010)
  1. May 18, 1980

    Eruption; "President Carter... was approached almost immediately by various environmental groups to establish a National Park around the still smoking mountain." (NPS/USFS monuments history)

  2. 1980–82

    Study and public input on a monument (Reps. Don Bonker and others; Sens. Jackson/Gorton); "the USFS convinced the Reagan Administration that they could handle the monument better than the NPS."

  3. August 26, 1982

    Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument Act (P.L. 97-243), 110,000 acres in the Gifford Pinchot NF; the first congressionally created Forest Service monument; dedicated May 18, 1983 (Chief Max Peterson).

  4. 1993–1997

    Coldwater Ridge ($11.5M) and Johnston Ridge visitor centers open.

  5. July 2007

    Forest Service announces closure of the Coldwater Ridge center; Sens. Cantwell and Murray and Reps. Baird and Dicks write Under Secretary Mark Rey questioning "whether the Forest Service is the best agency to provide long term management." (National Parks Traveler, July 2007)

  6. November 2008

    NPCA study touts economic benefits of a Mount St. Helens "National Park"; Skamania County/Baird task force studies transfer; March 2009 — E&E News: delegation "exploring a transfer."

  7. 2010

    Task force recommends keeping the monument with the Forest Service (separate line-item funding); Baird accepts.

  8. 2022

    Seattle Times op-ed for the 40th anniversary: "Make Mount St. Helens a National Park."