Wildcat Hills

Proposed National ParkNebraska
A covered wagon in the grass below the sandstone bluffs of Scotts Bluff National Monument, Nebraska
All proposed National ParksWildcat HillsNo active campaign
Location
Nebraska
Current protection
Scotts Bluff National Monument, Chimney Rock National Historic Site, Courthouse & Jail Rocks
Status
No active campaign
Tier
Tier 1 · National Park
Undiscovered America
Featured in the film and the book

Why should it be a National Park?

While Scotts Bluff and Chimney Rock are well-known, most people are unaware that they are actually part of the Wildcat Hills, a larger region of bluffs, buttes, and other rock formations. As the plains' states were settled, a sizable population began to live in and farm this fertile region. Steps were taken to preserve some of the more well-known natural features. Consequently, Scotts Bluff was designated a National Monument in the National Park Service, and Chimney Rock was categorized as an affiliated area of the National Park Service run by the Nebraska State Historical Society.

Since establishing the world's first National Park in 1872, the United States has set aside 62 National Parks. The majority of those are in the western states, with a handful dotted across the east. Between these two clusters of parks is the open expanse of the Great Plains, which has been historically overlooked by naturalists and conservationists. The plains were once made up of massive prairies and grasslands that extended west from parts of Indiana to the Rocky Mountains. Much of this land has been developed by homesteaders into agricultural farmland, however, a few special landscapes have endured in their natural state. One of these regions is the Wildcat Hills, an escarpment that extends 45 miles from western Nebraska to the Wyoming border.

The history of National Park Campaigns

Gering citizens asked Interior about a national monument in 1914, petitioned the new National Park Service on October 5, 1916, and again in March 1918; Wilson proclaimed Scotts Bluff National Monument on December 12, 1919. The only later federal expansion idea was an early-1970s NPS "Professional Service Proposal" to fold Chimney Rock and Robidoux Pass into the monument, never enacted. No National Park was ever sought.

Distinct National Park attempts
0
Other designation attempts
monument 1919 (petitions 1914–18); boundary changes 1924/1932/1940; NHS 1956; 1970s expansion proposal

Sources

  • NPS, Scotts Bluff National Monument: An Administrative History (Merrill Mattes/successor, online at nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/scbl)
  • Nebraska State Historical Society RG 532 (Scotts Bluff records, 1932–76)
  • Mattes, Scotts Bluff (NPS Historical Handbook 28, 1958)
  1. March 28, 1914

    Inquiry to Interior about a national monument at Scotts Bluff; October 5, 1916 and March 1918 — citizen petitions to the NPS for a monument "commemorating the Oregon Trail." (scienceviews.com summary of NPS history)

  2. December 12, 1919

    Proclamation 1547 (41 Stat. 1779): Scotts Bluff National Monument, 2,053 acres; first Antiquities Act use for a westward-expansion landscape. (nps.gov/scbl)

  3. May 9, 1924

    EO 4008 removes 160 acres; June 1, 1932 — Proclamation 1999 adds ~1,346 acres; March 29, 1940 — Proclamation 2391 adds 53 acres.

  4. 1933–39

    CWA/CCC build the Summit Road, museum (Oregon Trail Museum, 1935–36).

  5. June 5 / August 9, 1956

    Chimney Rock designated a National Historic Site under a state–NPS–City of Bayard agreement (state-owned 83 acres). (NPS Scotts Bluff administrative history, ch. 4)

  6. Early 1970s

    NPS "Professional Service Proposal" to incorporate Robidoux Pass and Chimney Rock into Scotts Bluff NM; not enacted. (NPS adhi ch. 4)

  7. 1978

    Oregon National Historic Trail; 1992 — California, Pony Express NHTs; Wildcat Hills SRA (state, 1930s–) and Nature Center (1995).