Owyhee Canyonlands

Proposed National ParkOregon, Idaho, and Nevada
A hiker on the floor of a narrow Owyhee side canyon, dwarfed by the rock walls
All proposed National ParksOwyhee CanyonlandsNo active campaign
Location
Oregon/Idaho/Nevada
Current protection
Succor Creek State Natural Area, Wildcat Canyon, Pillars of Rome
Status
Wilderness bill in Congress; not a park effort
Tier
Tier 1 · National Park
Undiscovered America
Featured in the film and the book

Why should it be a National Park?

The Owyhee Canyonlands is the largest uninterrupted and substantial natural wonder in the United States that is not currently a National Park. Depending on how you measure it, the Owyhee Desert is between 1.2 and 6 million-acres of majestic scenery around the border of Oregon, Idaho, and Nevada. The landforms defining the region make it nearly impossible to utilize for any purpose or activity, other than outdoor recreation. This makes it the largest region of the contiguous U.S. without cities, roads, industry, or even basic access.

At present, the few people who call the area home are mostly ranchers and farmers who revel in their isolation as well as their hard-working and slow-paced lifestyles. Therefore, it is easy to see why a new National Park in their backyard does not appeal to them. However, the influx of new policies allowing lands such as these to be utilized for the extraction of natural resources opens up the land to destruction. It begs the question, would these communities be better served by preserving them as the scenic and geologic wonder? Both scenarios would bring in outsiders and their money, but only one would preserve this vast and impressive environment largely as it is.

The history of National Park Campaigns

No National Park has been proposed. Protection has come as wilderness (Idaho, 2009) and been sought as a national monument (Oregon, 2015–16 and 2024) and as Sen. Wyden's ~1.1-million-acre wilderness bill, which passed the Senate in December 2024 and died in the House.

Distinct National Park attempts
1 (the 1990s Owyhee National Park proposal)
Other designation attempts
W&S 1984/1993; wilderness 2009; monument campaigns 2015–16, 2024; wilderness bills 2019–2025

Sources

  • Owyhee Initiative records (Crapo)
  • ONDA campaign archives
  • congress.gov bills 116th–119th
  • U.S. Department of the Interior, "Prospective Conservation Designation: National Monument Designations under the Antiquities Act" (2010)
  • Wikipedia, List of proposed National Parks of the United States
  1. 1984

    Owyhee Wild & Scenic River (Oregon); 1993 Idaho segments.

  2. 1990s

    The Committee for Idaho's High Desert and the Greater Alturas Development Committee publish a brochure calling for an Owyhee National Park where Oregon, Idaho, and Nevada meet.

  3. 2000

    A coalition proposes a 2.7-million-acre Owyhee-Bruneau Canyonlands National Monument in Idaho.

  4. March 30, 2009

    Omnibus Public Land Management Act: six Idaho Owyhee wildernesses (~517,000 acres) and W&S rivers (Sen. Mike Crapo's Owyhee Initiative).

  5. 2010

    An Interior Department paper lists the Owyhee Desert among 14 prospective national monuments.

  6. 2015–2016

    Owyhee Canyonlands national monument campaign (ONDA, Keen); Malheur County non-binding vote ~90% against (May 2016); Obama does not act.

  7. 2019 / 2022 / 2023

    Wyden/Merkley Malheur Community Empowerment for the Owyhee Act (S. 2828, 2019; reintroduced 2022; S. 1890, 2023).

  8. December 2024

    Senate passes the Wyden bill by unanimous consent; House does not act; Rep. Bentz's competing bill (Nov. 2024); renewed calls for a Biden monument go unanswered.

  9. 2025–2026

    Bill reintroduced; in limbo.